Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St. Peter at Westminster,
better known as Westminster Abbey is a huge, mostly gothic style
church, located in Westminster, London, England is located west of
the Palace of Westminster, and has become the traditional site of
the monarchy's coronation and burial site for English, then British
and today, monarchs of the Commonwealth realms. The abbey is a royal
peculiar and in 1546 until 1556, it would enjoy the status of a
cathedral. A peculiar, or royal peculiar, is a place of worship that
has been placed under the jurisdiction of the nation's monarch,
rather than that of a bishop, and comes from the early Anglo-Saxon
period, when churches would become associated with the monarchy
instead of the bishop for that region. Eventually, it would reflect
the relationship between the Plantagenet and Norman kings, and the
English church; and unlike many other ecclesiastical foundation of
that medieval period, these peculiars wouldn't be abolished when the
English Reformation occurred. The abbey is now a collegiate church
that is governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, that had
been established by Queen Elizabeth's royal charter in 1560 that
made it the Collegiate Church of St. Peter Westminster and a royal
peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the sovereign. The
history of the abbey is a wonderful story, filled with adventure and
intrigue, and enduring for centuries. It was constructed with stone
from Caen, France, called caen stone, the Loire Valley area of
France, called tuffeau limestone and from the Isle of Portland and
called, Portland stone. It would be in the beautiful church that the
first third of the King James Bible's old testament and the last
half of the new testament was translated; but it would suffer some
small damages in the Blitz of 1940. It was the site of Diana's
funeral, the Princess of Wales, in 1997, and in 2010, Pope Benedict
XVI would become the first pope to walk in the abbey. Beginning in
1066, with the coronations of King Harold and William the Conqueror,
all further coronations would be done here, except in the early 13th
century, when Henry III couldn't be crowned in London because it was
under the control of the French prince, Louis. He would then be
crowned in the Gloucester Cathedral, but the pope thought it
"improper", so another coronation would be held in this abbey in
1220. The archbishop of Canterbury is the traditional cleric in the
ceremony, with King Edward's chair, or St. Edward's chair, the
throne where the English and British monarchs sit at the moment of
coronation, is still contained in the abbey and has been used for
every coronation since 1308. Beginning in 1301, and continuing until
1996, when it would be stolen for a time by Scottish nationalists,
this magnificent chair houses the famous Stone of Scone, which the
Kings of Scotland had been crowned over. This mysterious stone has a
history all its own, and is believed by many to be the actual stone
that Jacob used to sleep on when he was wandering the desert and had
a vision from God. It is believed that the prophet Jeremiah would
bring that stone, which weighs over 300 pounds, would bring that
stone, and the last princess of the House of Judah, named Scota, to
a faraway place that would become Scotland.
|