Theodore Roosevelt National Park
The Theodore Roosevelt National Park is located
in the badlands of western North Dakota, made up of three
geographically divided areas and named after President Theodore
Roosevelt, to honor his achievements in conservation while he was
the leader of the land and for the tremendous influence that these
landscapes had on him during his lifetime. The park spans 110 square
miles in three parts, the North Unit, the Elkhorn Ranch Unit and the
South Unit. The biggest unit is the southern that sits along
Interstate 94 by Medora, North Dakota, while the North unit is
located some 80 miles to the north of the South unit, a bit south of
Watford City, North Dakota. Roosevelt's Elkhorn Ranch is found in
between the two units, about 20 miles west of US 85 and Fairfield,
North Dakota, with the Little Missouri River flowing through all
three; and the Maah Daah Hey Trail connects them. In September of
1883, Roosevelt first came to the badlands of North Dakota to hunt
buffalo, and after getting his first buffalo after just a short
trip, he became enamored by the entire idea of a rugged lifestyle
and the amazing freedom of the open west. He bought the Maltese
Cross Ranch for $14,000, that already had Bill Merrifield and
Sylvane Ferris running it, that was located seven miles south of
Medora. During the winter, those two men would construct the Maltese
Cross Cabin. After loosing his wife and mother, he returned to the
ranch in North Dakota, hoping to find solace and solitude, and
during that summer, of 1884, he would begin building the Elkhorn
Ranch that was about 35 miles north of Medora, and hired two Maine
woodsmen, Wilmot Dow and Bill Sewall to run it. Roosevelt would take
a great interest in his two ranches, along with hunting in the west,
and then writing about his adventures in the articles that were
published in the eastern magazines and newspapers. Teddy would write
three significant works on his life out west; Ranch Life and the
Hunting Trail, The Wilderness Hunter and Hunting Trips of a
Ranchman. His stories and times in the difficult life of the
outdoorsman, as well as the loss of his cattle to starvation during
the winter of 1886-1887, would become his impetus to conserve these
lands when he became President of the United States in 1901.
After Roosevelt passed on in 1919, the Little Missouri badlands
would be explored looking for possible park sites, so when the CCC
camps were constructed in both areas of the future parks from 1934
to 1941, roads and other improvements and structures were created
that are still in use today. In 1935, an area called the Roosevelt
Recreation Demonstration Area was created including the parks that
had been improved, and in 1946 they were transferred to the fish and
wildlife service as the Theodore Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge.
In 1947, President Harry Truman would establish the Theodore
Roosevelt National Memorial Park, which was the first and only
national memorial park ever created. After making boundary
adjustments and starting the 29,920 acre park as the Theodore
Roosevelt Wilderness, the park would be changed to the Theodore
Roosevelt National Park. One of the most interesting and exciting
attractions in the park is the wildlife viewing that include; wild
turkeys, prairie dogs, bighorn sheep, buffalo, golden eagles,
white-tailed deer, feral horses, sharp-tailed grouse, mule deer,
elk, and some 186 species of birds.
Little Missouri National Grasslands
The
Little Missouri National Grasslands in western North Dakota contains
over 1 million acres of grasslands that are the biggest in the
nation, and contains the Theodore Roosevelt National Park. The
grasslands had been a part of the Custer National Forest, but now is
part of the Dakota Prairie Grasslands, a huge national forest made
up of the entire national grasslands. One of the most significant
features of the grassland is the magnificent and colorful badlands,
which is a very rugged terrain that has been deeply eroded by the
weather, and is made up of mixed grass prairie with both short and
long grasses. The boundaries of this immense region has been
misleading on some maps because inside of the grasslands, there are
state-owned and privately owned areas of land, which is located in
the counties of Slope, Golden Valley, Billings and McKenzie. Just
south of Amidon, North Dakota, the state's highest point is located,
which is White Butte, and it is located in the southeast corner of
the grasslands. The pristine beauty of the region is increased by
the amount of sights and animals that abound here, with the best
recreational activities in the world offered that include;
backpacking, hunting, hiking, camping, fishing, horseback riding,
canoeing and photography, interspersed throughout other areas that
are government, private or otherwise off limits lands that have been
encircled by the constant increases of the grasslands. Some of the
outstanding resources available here include; cattle grazing,
recreation, oil and gas production and paleontological and
archaeological excavations. There are also many varieties of plants
found here that are located within the many habitats, and is so
diversified that the area has become a favorite for all types of
visitors and explorers.